Znejistěné hodnoty společnosti ovlivňují psychiku lidí

prof. PhDr. Jiřina Šiklová, CSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 159  

Prediction of treatment outcome in schizophrenia

MUDr. Tomáš Kašpárek Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 163-166  

Schizophrenia is a condition with highly variable outcome. In clinical practice we need to answer questions about the course of the illness in particular patients. Current evidence suggests that clinical picture, co-morbid conditions, duration of untreated psychosis, subjective evaluation of the treatment, time-course of treatment response are all important in the outcome prediction. An open question remains if it will be possible to use objective markers for prediction.

Rational and nonrational use of antipsychotics in gerontopsychiatry

doc. MUDr. Roman Jirák CSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 167-170  

In gerontopsychiatry, states of agitation or other disorders requiring sedation are often encountered. They are most commonly behaviour disorders in dementias, deliria, and psychotic conditions at older age (sometimes associated with the dementia syndrome, sometimes not). There is a general trend to calm such states as soon as possible. First, attempts are made to ease agitation or other unwanted behaviour disorders with nonpharmacological methods, but these efforts are not always successful. Therefore, antipsychotics are used at a large scale. Their use often is nonrational resulting in their overuse. At times, their use is necessary since severe...

Adherence and patient’s attitudes to antipsychotic medication

doc. MUDr. Radovan Přikryl Ph.D, PhDr. Hana Kučerová, Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 171-174  

Adherence to antipsychotic medications in schizophrenia continues to be a significant in terms of its impact on the rate of relapse. Over the past 50 years, antipsychotic medications have emerged as the cornerstone in the management of the varied symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the unrivalled role of first-generation antipsychotic medications was continuously challenged because of the wide range of side-effects. Prominent among these effects were the lack of subjective tolerability and the negative attitudes towards medications. Neuroleptic-drug-induced dysphoria has been shown to affect compliance behaviour, clinical outcome and quality of...

Treatment of resistant schizophrenia in clinical practice

MUDr. Libor Ustohal, doc. MUDr. Radovan Přikryl Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 176-179  

Treatment of resistant schizophrenia is a serious medical problem. Although it does not exist its common definition, its main criterium is failure of two treatment trials with antipsychotics from two different chemical classes in sufficient dosage and duration. The article deals with possibilities of pseudoresistance, especially false diagnosis, comorbidity, insufficient treatment trials and non-compliance. In the case of treatment-resistant schizophrenia we have several treatment strategies, which can be divided into pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods. The key position keeps clozapine, which efficacy was confirmed repeatedly. Another...

Influence of antidepressant on body weight

prof. MUDr. Eva Češková CSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 180-183  

The paper deals with weight gain during antidepressant treatment. The weight gain can be a sign of recovery or an adverse event of the treatment. Changes in weight differ depending on which AD is used. A long-term treatment is usually associated with weight gain. On the base of retrospective charts analysis we found that some treatment strategies used in patients hospitalized with severe depression can lead to a more robust weight gain. The augmentation of ADs with atypical antipsychotics seems to be the most risky. Further the knowledge about the mutual relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome is reviewed. Shortly, treatment possibilities...

Phototherapy in geriatric psychiatry

MUDr. Richard Krombholz, MUDr. Hana Drástová, PhDr. Václav Červenka, Bc. Jitka Routnerová

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 184-187  

There has been enough information on the influence of daily illumination on human mind for a long time. First scientific publications on the effect of bright light therapy were published in the early eighties of the 20th century. After an epoch of empirical use of the fototherapy obtained a theoretical background with the finding of function of melatonin on the human mind. At this time phototherapy is therapeutical method used in the seasonal affective disorder and in the other disorders. It has not yet been applied in older patients with organic affective disorder frequently. In the presented paper the authors submits their positive experiences...

Sexual atractivity and it’s determinants

prof. PhDr. Petr Weiss, Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 188-190  

From the evolutionary viepoint the author descibes the main factors determining the sexual atractivity of men and women. The researches prove that sexual atractivity is dependent on various behavioral and appearance characteristics. In women are probably most important are those connected with their fertility, in men those signalizing their resource holding potential.

Animal hoarding

MUDr. Miroslava Khollová

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 191-192  

Animal hoarding is under-recognized problem that causes animals suffering, is often asociated with self-neglect and can also place children, elders and dependent adults to serious risk. It occurs more frequently in older, isolated women. This article is focusing on present research about this problem, including the definition and model for animal hoarding, types of animal hoarders and approach to solving this problem.

Antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenic patient with leucopenia cured by clozapine

MUDr. Michal Mikolaj

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 193-194  

Patient medicated by clozapine was hospitalized for relapse of paranoid schizophrenia with massive psychotic symptoms. Leucopenia was occured. There was urgency of antipsychotic treatment along with risk of progression of leucopenia. After medical treatment by aripirazol psychotic symptoms were cured at the same time with life threaten state.

Inebriation and patient informed consent

JUDr. Šárka Špeciánová

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 195-196  

In his practice, the physician may encounter a patient whose capacity to perceive the nature, importance, and extent of his actions may significantly be affected, if not disabled, by his inebriation. Inebriation may, among other things, cause trouble when a patient is to give consent to medical procedure if such is requested by the valid legal regulations. It is up to the physician to determine whether or not the patient is in a condition to provide a legally valid informed consent.

14. celostátní konference biologické psychiatrie, Luhačovice, 10.-13. června 2009

doc. MUDr. Ladislav Hosák Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 197  

Autodidaktický test 4/2009

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2009; 10(4): 198