Mladí psychiatři chtějí být vidět a slyšet

MUDr. Luboš Janů Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 51  

Delirium in advanced age

MUDr. Vanda Franková

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 56-59  

Delirium in elderly patients remains frequently undiagnosed. It is caused mainly by missing its frequent hypoactive form or substitution for behavior disorders in dementia. That is why we examine cognitive function in every elderly patient to discover and treat delirium early. It is necessary to keep precautions that can decrease the risk of development of delirium by up to one third. The most important component of treatment is a removal of its cause. If it is necessary to decrease the agitation of a patient, we prefer most frequently to use tiaprid or haloperidol in recommended doses, eventually the treatment is widened by benzodiazepines with short...

PARKINSON‘S DISEASE - DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY

MUDr. Olga Ulmanová Ph.D, prof. MUDr. Evžen Růžička DrSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 60-62  

The article presents basic data on Parkinson’s disease with focus to psychic complications in advanced-stage and therapeutical options.

Personality disorders and drug dependence

MUDr. RNDr. Jan Sikora CSc, MUDr. Michaela Novotná

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 63-65  

Patients with personality disorders are at risk of developing substance abuse. Comorbid personality disorder disturbs successful therapy and often leads to relapse of drug abuse. Therapy must be focused on management of coexisting psychiatric disorders from the beginning along with substance abuse treatment. Achievement of abstinence is not satisfactory as the comorbid disorder persists. Long-term psychotherapeutic relationship, administration psychotropic drugs, especially antidepressants, improves therapeutic outcomes.

WAYS AND MEANS OF CONTROL OF AGITATED AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN PSYCHIATRY PRACTICE

MUDr. Jan Vevera, doc. MUDr. Roman Jirák CSc, MUDr. Tereza Uhrová, MUDr. Ilja Žukov CSc, Mgr. Pavel Král, MUDr. Vladislav Tichý

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 66-71  

Authors describe a classification of agitation and violent behavior, mechanisms of its control and methods of psychological first aid and pharmacotherapy. The treatment strategies of acute/persistent nonpsychotic and acute/persistent psychotic agitation and violent behavior with benzodiazepines, antipsychotic medications, antidepressive medications, beta blockers and thymoprophylactics are further discussed.

The relation of sleep disorders and quality of life

prof. MUDr. Soňa Nevšímalová DrSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 72-76  

We spent almost 1/3 of life sleeping and quality of sleep significantly influences quality of life. Physiologic sleep is necessary not only for regeneration of mental and physical capacity, for formation of memory traces, i. e. cognitive functions, but also for a number of metabolic processes. Common basis for most of sleep disorders are frequent awakening reactions (of cortical and subcortical origin) that lead to release of stress hormones (mainly kortizol) and acceleration of atherosclerotic changes. The consequence is and increased risk of infarctions, strokes, and other complications. Fragmentation of sleep accompanied by a frequent change of...

Depression and pain comorbidity

MUDr. Prim. Michal Maršálek CSc

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 77-80  

The presence and intensity of a chronic painful physical condition influences strongly the frequency and severity of depressive symptoms in patients with major depression. The pain is found in nearly half of subject with major depressive disorder. Painful symptoms predict more severe form of depression, a longer time to remission, and may be a marker of resistency to treatment. The emotional and painful physical symptoms of depression are particularly regulated by serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways in the brain and spinal cord. Data from controlled clinical trials support the suggestion that medication with dual action appears to be the most robust...

Vascular dementia

MUDr. Robert Rusina, MUDr. Radoslav Matěj

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 81-84  

Vascular dementia can be considered as a consequence of ischemic or hemorrhagic damage to brain tissue that manifests with alteration of cognitive function. Thus it is a very heterogenic group of various clinical syndromes-from focal injury of corresponding area of a larger size to multiple deficits of cognitive domains within the scope of multiinfarct dementia, across comparatively homogenic profile of dysexecutive syndrome with bradypsychism and frequently depressive mood in subcortical ischemic leucoencefalopathy. Mixed dementia, mostly combinations of vascular encephalopathy and Alzheimer disease, are quite common. At present there is no effective...

CONDUCT DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

MUDr. Pavel Theiner Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 85-87  

The synopsis deals with conduct disorders in children and adolescents. Recent definition and classification of these disorders is based on International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision. Conduct disorders often show certain developmental trend beginning in pre-school age and, in less favourable case, ending in antisocial personality disorder in adulthood. Individual conduct disorders have, however, different prognosis. Aggression is a basic symptom of conduct disorders and it is itself a psychological phenomenon in which different types can be distinguished. The aetiology of conduct disorders is complex, the sociocultural, psychological and...

Léčba poruch příjmu jídla na Psychiatrické klinice v Hradci Králové

doc. MUDr. Ladislav Hosák Ph.D, MUDr. Dana Podzimková, PhDr. Libuše Slabá, Bc. Hana Vojtíšková, Hana Kosová DiS, RNDr. Eva Čermáková

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 88-91  

Výskyt sexuálních dysfunkcí u mužů léčených pro schizofrenní onemocnění atypickými antipsychotiky

MUDr. Alexandra Žourková CSc, MUDr. Ivana Palčíková, Monika Večeřová, MUDr. Tomáš Kašpárek Ph.D

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 92-93  

„Intoxikace vodou“ u psychiatrických pacientů

MUDr. Josef Chval

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 94-96  

49. Česko-slovenská psychofarmakologická konference, 10.-14. ledna 2007, Lázně Jeseník

Psychiatr. pro Praxi, 2007; 2: 97-98